How to become a substitute teacher in Pennsylvania
The Pennsylvania Department of Education says day-to-day substitutes need at least a bachelor's degree. Certified teachers can sub in their own area. If you are not certified, a public school can request an emergency permit to hire you as a day-to-day sub. You must also be legally allowed to work in the U.S. and complete the background clearances the School Code and Child Protective Services Law require. Start by contacting the district.
Checked October 30, 2026 on the Pennsylvania Department of Education's own pages. Rules change; the state's page and your district have the last word.
At a glance
| Least schooling | A bachelor's degree (or foreign equivalent) |
|---|---|
| Credential | Emergency permit (day-to-day substitute), requested by the school |
| Background check | The background clearances required by the School Code and the Child Protective Services Law. |
| Who issues it | Pennsylvania Department of Education |
How to get it
- Make sure you have at least a bachelor's degree and are authorized to work in the U.S.
- Contact the school district where you want to sub; the process varies by district.
- Complete the required background clearances.
- If you are not certified, the school requests an emergency permit for you from the Department.
- Ask the Bureau of School Leadership and Teacher Quality if you have questions.
Limits and conditions
- The day-to-day emergency permit covers up to 20 days for each absent professional employee; longer service needs a long-term permit.
- Holders of a valid Pennsylvania or comparable out-of-state certificate may sub in their certificate area for up to 20 days without a local permit.
- Educators with inactive certificates may substitute up to 180 days per school year.
- Students in a Pennsylvania-approved teacher program with at least 60 credits can get a locally issued permit.
Ready for the first day
Sources
- Pennsylvania Department of Education: Get a substitute teaching permit (opened October 30, 2026)
- Pennsylvania Department of Education: Day-to-day substitute guidance (Act 91 of 2021 page) (opened October 30, 2026)
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