Testing Kindness: teacher key

Kindness, grade 8 edition, written for 8th grade. How scientists study helping in bats, toddlers, apes, rats, elephants and dogs, what happens in the brain, and what experiments on giving found.

Read the book. Print this page for the key.

Questions and answers

1. Who first reported in 1984 that vampire bats may share blood with non-relatives?
   • Warneken
   • Wilkinson (answer)
   • Davis
2. What did virtually all the children do in the 2006 toddler study?
   • Asked for help
   • Left the room
   • Helped at least once (answer)
3. What did researchers find about rats and the reward of social contact?
   • Rats freed cagemates even when contact was prevented (answer)
   • Rats needed contact to act
   • Rats were paid in chips
4. What does cognitive empathy mean?
   • Spreading emotions between people
   • Understanding another's perspective or mental state (answer)
   • Feeling a pain
5. What did people who spent the $5 or $20 on others report?
   • Less happiness
   • No change
   • More happiness (answer)
6. What did tit for tat do in two competitions?
   • Won against other strategies (answer)
   • Lost twice
   • Was never played

Words

• regurgitated: brought back up
• predisposition: built-in tendency
• cognitive: thinking-based
• oxytocin: a hormone
• altruism: selfless concern