An Educational Psychology Success Story: Social Interdependence Theory and Cooperative Learning
We checked this card's citation and the finding we state against the source's own page or record in October 2026.
What it found
More than 1,200 studies over 11 decades have compared cooperative, competitive and individual work. The authors trace how that research shaped social interdependence theory and the teacher's role in formal cooperative groups, informal groups and long-term base groups.
What kind of study it is
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- Review
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- Adds context: a review or a weaker design, which doesn't move a card's rating on its own.
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- A review by the model's developers, not a new meta-analysis.
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doi.org/10.3102/0013189X09339057
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Cite this study
Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (2009). An educational psychology success story: Social interdependence theory and cooperative learning. Educational Researcher, 38(5), 365–379. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X09339057
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